Chapter 14 Study Guide: The Senses
1. What is being described in the following situations: The sensory receptors specialized to respond to external stimuli? The sensory receptors specialized to respond to chemical stimuli?
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2. What name is given to receptors that respond to pain?
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3. What term is used to describe receptors that respond to touch and feel?
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4. Name the receptors that mediate the senses of smell and taste.
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5. What term denotes awareness of a stimulus?
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6. What term denotes interpretation of a stimulus?
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7. What term is used that involves summing up signals?
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8. Upon entering a room, John detects an unpleasant odor. However, after a period of time, (1 hour), the odor could no longer be detected by John. What is the decrease in response called?
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9. What division of the nervous system does interpretation of stimuli occur?
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10. List four distinct location where receptors may be found.
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11. What are the receptors called that allow us to know the position of our limbs in space?
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12. Of the five major senses, which one is not dependent on cilia or microvilli?
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13. What term is used to describe light touch receptors?
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14. Which of the following are involved in temperature sensation: the skin, two types of receptors, the brain, or muscle tissue?
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15. Which one of the following is an adequate description of receptors: have microvilli that project up out of the tongue, generate nerve impulses that travel to the CNS, are of four types: bitter, salty, sour and sweet?
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16. Which of the following is an accurate description of olfactory receptors: adapt to outside stimuli, are located in all regions of the nose, or are of four types: bitter, sweet, salty, sour?
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17. Which specific part of the brain does the sense of taste send nerve impulses?
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18. Which one of the following is a correct statement: The anterior compartment of the eye contains vitreous humor. The posterior compartment contains aqueous humor. The pupil regulates the size of the iris.The ciliary body changes the shape of the lens.
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19. Pain that is perceived as coming from another location within or on the body is referred to as what kind of pain?
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20. To what does clouding of the lens refer?
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21. What is visual accommodation?
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22. Which of the following would be an accurate description of a sensory receptor? can be internal or external, is the first portion of a reflex arc, initiates nerve impulses.
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23. Increased pressure within the anterior chamber of the eye causes what health condition?
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24. Place the following structures/cells in order from external to internal: (A) choroid, sclera, photoreceptors, ganglion cells, bipolar cells (B) sclera, choroid, ganglion cells, bipolar cells, photoreceptors (C) choroid, ganglion cells, sclera, bipolar cells, photoreceptors (D) sclera, choroid, photoreceptors, bipolar cells, ganglion cells
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25. On the way to the visual cortex, the visual images always pass through which specific region of the brain?
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26. List the order in which light reaches the lens of a human eye.
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27. List the order in which light reaches the retina of the human eye.
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28. Name the structure of the human eye that regulates the size of the light opening.
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29. Name the organ, or structure that is responsible for controlling the change in shape of the lens needed for far and near vision.
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30. Which of the following statements is not true? The lens regulates the amount of light reaching the retina. The rods are involved in color vision. There is a blind spot where the optic nerve joins the retina. The choroid is the outer coat of the eye.
31. Name the two sensory functions of the ear.
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32. Which pairing is incorrect: cochlea; snail-shaped inner. Ear ossicles: bones within the ear. Pinna; external ear?
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33. Which one of the following does not apply to the cochlea: contains the organ of Corti, is a coiled structure in the inner ear, is concerned with equilibrium, or contains three fluid-filled canals?
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34. What is the function of the bones of the middle ear?
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35. Which of the following is not involved in the path of sound vibration: cochlea, auditory canal, semicircular canals, or tympanic membrane?
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36. One of the following pairs is not matched correctly. Which one is this? semicircular canals - inner ear; ossicles-middle ear; utricle and saccule-outer ear; auditory canal-outer ear?
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37. Which sense do the following structures or parts participate? the tympanic membrane, organ of Corti, and ossicles?
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38. The organ of Corti of the inner ear is comparable to what specific part of the eye?
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39. What is another name for dizziness?
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40. Which of the following would a man balancing himself on a tightrope probably depend strongly on: cochlea, cerebrum, semicircular canals, or proprioceptors?
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41. Equilibrium is accomplished by which of the following: inner ear, eye, proprioceptors; outer ear, eustachian tube, exteroceptors; middle ear, optic chiasma, interoceptors, or the entire ear?
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42. The s sense of equilibrium is associated with which two receptors?
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43. Name the condition that is caused by inadequate drainage of aqueous humor.
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44. What is otosclerosis?
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45. Identify the structure that separates the middle ear from the inner ear.
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46. What is being described: Pain perceived as coming from another location in the body? Cite an example.
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47. Which of the following structures would allow you to know that you were upside down, even if you were in total darkness? utricle and saccule, cochlea, semicirucular canals, or tectorial membrane?
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48. Select the most appropriate answer: In order to focus on objects that are close to the viewer, the suspensory ligaments must be pulled tight, the lens needs to become more rounded, the ciliary muscle will be relaxed, or the image must focus on the area of the optic nerve.
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49. Which of the following gives the correct path for light rays entering the human eye?
Sclera, retina, choroid, lens, cornea
Optic nerve, sclera, choroid, retina, aqueous humor
Cornea, pupil, lens, vitreous humor, retina
Fovea centralis, pupil, aqueous humor, lens
Cornea, fovea centralis, lens, choroid, rods
50. Which of the following structures would allow you to know that you were upside down, even if you were in total darkness? tectorial membrane, cochlea, semicircular canals, or the utricle and saccule?
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